CAMERA FUNDAMENTALS
Understand the essentials of photography—how aperture, shutter speed, and ISO work together to shape exposure. Mastering these basics is key to capturing images with intention.
APERTURE
Controls depth of field and the amount of light entering the camera. Lower f-numbers (f/1.4, f/2.8) create shallow depth of field with beautiful background blur, while higher f-numbers (f/8, f/11) keep more of the scene in sharp focus.
SHUTTER SPEED
Determines how long the sensor is exposed to light and controls motion blur. Fast speeds (1/500s, 1/1000s) freeze action, while slow speeds (1/30s, 1s) can create artistic motion blur or capture more light in low-light situations.
ISO
Controls the sensor's sensitivity to light. Lower ISO values (100, 200) produce cleaner images with less noise, ideal for bright conditions. Higher ISO values (1600, 3200+) allow shooting in darker environments but introduce grain or digital noise.